What you'll learn
The 2025–2026 Class 10 Social Science course is a compulsory subject designed to develop an integrated understanding of the human world, its past, and contemporary global issues. It provides students with a broader perspective on society, governance, environment, and economic systems while fostering critical thinking and civic responsibility.
Course Structure (2026 Board Exams)
The total marks for the course are 100, divided as follows:
- Theory Examination: 80 Marks (3-hour duration).
- Internal Assessment: 20 Marks.
Subject Domains and Marks Distribution
The syllabus is equally divided into four branches, each carrying 20 marks:
- History (India and the Contemporary World – II): Focuses on nationalism in Europe and India, the making of a global world, the age of industrialization, and print culture.
- Geography (Contemporary India – II): Covers resources, agriculture, minerals, energy, manufacturing industries, and lifelines of the national economy.
- Political Science (Democratic Politics – II): Examines power-sharing, federalism, gender, religion, caste, political parties, and outcomes of democracy.
- Economics (Understanding Economic Development): Explores development, sectors of the Indian economy, money and credit, and globalization.
Examination Pattern for 2026
The theory paper is structured to test various skill levels through different question types:
- Objective Type (Section A): 20 MCQs (including assertion, reasoning, and stem-based questions).
- Subjective Questions: Narrative questions ranging from Very Short Answer (2 marks) to Long Answer (5 marks).
- Competency-Based Questions: Case-based questions designed to assess the application of knowledge.
- Map-Skill Based (Section F): 5 marks total (2 for History and 3 for Geography).
Internal Assessment (20 Marks)
This component includes various school-based activities:
- Periodic Assessments: Pen-and-paper tests (5 marks).
- Multiple Assessments: Quizzes, debates, or role plays (5 marks).
- Portfolio: Classwork, assignments, and student achievements (5 marks).
- Subject Enrichment Activity: Project work on topics such as Consumer Rights, Social Issues, or Sustainable Development (5 marks).
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Course Syllabus
The CBSE Class 10 Social Science syllabus for the 2025–2026 academic year is divided into four equal units, each carrying 20 marks for a total theory paper of 80 marks. An additional 20 marks are allocated for internal assessment.
1. History: India and the Contemporary World – II (20 Marks)
- Rise of Nationalism in Europe: The French Revolution's impact and the formation of nation-states.
- Nationalism in India: Movements from 1915–1930, including Khilafat, Non-Cooperation, and Civil Disobedience.
- The Making of a Global World: Specifically subtopics 1 to 1.3 (Pre-modern world to the 19th-century economy) for the board exam.
- Print Culture and the Modern World: The development of print from East Asia to Europe and its impact in India.
- Note: The Age of Industrialization is typically for internal periodic assessment only.
2. Geography: Contemporary India – II (20 Marks)
- Resources and Development: Planning and conservation of resources.
- Forest and Wildlife Resources: Biodiversity and conservation efforts like Project Tiger.
- Water Resources: Dams, multi-purpose river projects, and rainwater harvesting.
- Agriculture: Types of farming, major crops, and technological reforms.
- Minerals and Energy Resources: Distribution and sustainable use of conventional and non-conventional energy.
- Manufacturing Industries: Industrial location and environmental impact.
- Lifelines of National Economy: Transport and communication (assessed via Map Work in the board exam).
3. Political Science: Democratic Politics – II (20 Marks)
- Power Sharing: Case studies of Belgium and Sri Lanka.
- Federalism: Theory and practice of federalism in India.
- Gender, Religion, and Caste: Challenges posed by communalism and caste in politics.
- Political Parties: Role, purpose, and major national/regional parties.
- Outcomes of Democracy: Assessing democracy's economic, social, and political success.
4. Economics: Understanding Economic Development (20 Marks)
- Development: Concepts of Per Capita Income and Human Development Index (HDI).
- Sectors of the Indian Economy: Primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors.
- Money and Credit: Banking roles, formal and informal sources of credit, and SHGs.
- Globalization and the Indian Economy: Key drivers of globalization and the role of the WTO.
- Consumer Rights: Prepared as a mandatory Project Work.
Internal Assessment (20 Marks)
- Periodic Assessment (5 marks): Pen-and-paper tests.
- Multiple Assessments (5 marks): Quizzes, debates, and interdisciplinary projects.
- Portfolio (5 marks): Classwork, assignments, and student achievements.
- Subject Enrichment Activity (5 marks): Projects on Consumer Awareness, Social Issues, or Sustainable Development.
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